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De Definition

de

See also Appendix:Variations of "de", د, and Appendix:ISO 639-1 language codes

Contents

Translingual

Wikipedia has an article on: De

Etymology 1

From Deutschland.

Abbreviation

de

  1. (Should we delete(+) this sense?) Germany

Etymology 2

From French de.

Symbol

de

  1. (radio slang) from (operator), this is (operator)

English

Alternative forms

Verb

de (third-person singular simple present diz, present participle dein, simple past did, past participle dyun)

  1. (Northumbrian) To do.

References

Statistics

Anagrams

Anglo-Norman

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

  1. of, from

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

  1. of, from

Usage notes

Derived terms

Catalan

Etymology 1

Noun

de f. (plural des)

  1. The Latin letter D (lowercase d).

Etymology 2

From Latin dē.

Pronunciation

Preposition

de (before vowel or h d')

  1. of, from

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

  1. of

Related terms

Danish

Pronunciation

Pronoun

de (personal pronoun)

  1. they

See also

Danish personal pronouns
Number Person Inflection Nominative Accusative Possessive Reflexive Reflexive possessive
Singular First common jeg mig min
neuter mit
plural mine
Second common du dig din
neuter dit
plural dine
polite form De Dem Deres
Third masculine han ham hans sig sin
feminine hun hende hendes
common den den dens
neuter det det dets sit
plural sine
Plural First — vi os vores
common vor
neuter vort
plural vore
Second – I jer jeres
polite form De Dem Deres
Third – de dem deres sig

Dutch

Etymology

An unstressed variety of Middle Dutch die. See die for more information.

Pronunciation

Article

de (definite article) of common gender

  1. the
    De man — “The man”
    De vrouw — “The woman”
    Het boek — “The book”
    De boeken — “The books”
    De oude man en de zee.
    The Old Man and the Sea.

Usage notes

See also

Derived terms

Anagrams

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin de, French de, Spanish de.

Preposition

de

  1. from
    Mi ne aĉetas ion ajn de ĉi tiu vendejo!
    I don't buy anything at all from this store!
  2. possessed by
    La aŭto de Davido estas nigra.
    David's car is black.
  3. done, written or composed by
    Ĉu vi havas esperantan tradukon de Drakulo de Bram Stoker?
    Do you have an Esperanto translation of Dracula by Bram Stoker?
    La viro estis mordita de hundo.
    The man was bitten by a dog.

Noun

de (plural de-oj, accusative singular de-on, accusative plural de-ojn)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter D/d.

See also

French

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Pronunciation

Preposition

de

  1. of (expresses belonging)
    • 1837 Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manchefr.Wikisource, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter I:
      Dans une bourgade de la Manche, dont je ne veux pas me rappeler le nom, vivait, il n’y a pas longtemps, un hidalgo ....
      In a village of La Mancha, whose name I do not want to remember, lived, not long ago, an hidalgo ....
    Paris est la capitale de la France.
    Paris is the capital of France.
    En 1905, les églises deviennent la propriété de l'État.
    In 1905, churches became the property of the state.
  2. 's (used to express property or association)
    Œuvres de Fermat
    Fermat’s Works
    Elle est la femme de mon ami.
    She's my friend's wife.
    le voisin de Gabriel
    Gabriel's neighbor
  3. from (used to indicate origin)
    Elle vient de la France.
    She comes from France.
    Vous êtes de la Suisse ?
    Are you from Switzerland?
    Ce fromage est de l'Espagne.
    This cheese is from Spain.
    C'est de l'ouest de la France.
    It's from the west of France.
    Le train va de Paris à Bordeaux.
    The train goes from Paris to Bordeaux.
  4. of (indicates an amount)
    5 kilos de pommes.
    5 kilograms of apples.
    une verre de vin
    a glass of wine
    une portion de frites
    a portion of fries
  5. used attributively, often translated into English as a compound noun
    jus de pomme
    apple juice
    verre de vin
    glass of wine
    boite de nuit
    night club
    chien de garde
    guard dog
    voiture de sport
    sports car
    stade de football
    football stadium
  6. from (used to indicate the start of a time or range)
    De 9:00 à 11:00 je ne serai pas libre.
    From 9 to 11 I won't be free.
    Je travaille de huit heures à midi.
    un groupe de cinq à huit personnes.
    The group consists of [from] five to people people.
  7. used after certain verbs before an infinitive, often translating into English as a gerund or an infinitive
    Je me suis arrêté de fumer.
    I stopped smoking.
    Il continue de m'embêter.
    He keeps annoying me.
    Elle m'a dit de venir.
    She told me to come.
    Nous vous proposons de venir.
    We suggest you come.
  8. by
    boire trois tasses par jour réduirait de 20% les risques de contracter une maladie.
    drinking three glasses a day would reduce the risk of catching an illness by 20%.

Usage notes

Before a word beginning with a vowel sound, de elides to d’. Before the article le, it contracts with the article into du, as shown in the example above. Before the article les, it contracts with the article into des.

Le Songe d’une nuit d’été — “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” (Literally, “The Dream of one night of summer”)
la queue du chien — “the dog’s tail”
Index des auteurs — “Index of the authors”

Article

de

  1. (indefinite) some; any (in questions or negatives)
    Je voudrais de la viande.
    I'd like some meat.
    Est-ce qu'il y a de la bonne musique ?
    Is there any good music?
    Nous cherchons du lait.
    We're looking for some milk.
  2. (negative) a, an, any
    Elle n'a pas de mère.
    She hasn't got a mother.
    Il n'a pas de crayon.
    He hasn't got a pencil.
    Je n'ai pas de temps.
    I haven't got any time.

Usage notes

In the positive, de is usually used with a definite article, as in the examples. In the negative, without an article.

Derived terms

Anagrams

Galician

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de

  1. of, from

Usage notes

The preposition de contracts to d- before articles, before third-person tonic pronouns, and before the determiners algún and outro.

Derived terms

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French deux (“two”)

Cardinal number

de

  1. two

See also

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Adverb

de (not comparable)

  1. how!, very much
    De szép ez a ház! - Oh, how beautiful that house is!

Synonyms

Conjunction

de

  1. but
  2. (oh) yes!, surely! (used as a positive contradiction to a negative statement)
    Nem voltál itt! - De ott voltam. - You weren't here! - Yes I was there!

Derived terms

In expressions

See also

Ido

Preposition

de

  1. from (not to be confused with di)
  2. of (comprising, containing, or made from)

Interlingua

Preposition

de

  1. of, from

Irish

Pronunciation

Preposition

de

  1. from
  2. of

Inflection

Person Normal Emphatic
1st person sing. díom díomsa
2d person sing. díot díotsa
3d sing. masc. de desean
3d sing. fem. di dise
1st person pl. dínn dínne
2d person pl. díbh díbhse
3d person pl. díobh díobhsan

Usage notes

Triggers lenition of a following consonant. Used only before consonant sounds.

Related terms

Italian

Contraction

de

  1. apocopic form of del
    Michael Radford è il regista de "Il postino". — "Michael Radford is the director of "Il Postino".

Usage notes

De is used where del, della, etc, would ordinarily be used, but cannot be because the article is part of the title of a film, book, etc.

See also

Anagrams

Japanese

Syllable

de

  1. The hiragana syllable で (de) or the katakana syllable デ (de) in Hepburn romanization.

Particle

de (hiragana で)

  1. で: indicating location or instrumental

!Kung

Noun

de

  1. woman

Related terms

Ladino

Preposition

de (Latin spelling)

  1. of, from

Latin

Etymology 1

This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this word, please add it to the page as described here.

Pronunciation

Noun

dē (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter D.
Coordinate terms

References

Etymology 2

Perhaps from ded (compare Oscan dat), old ablative of pronom. stem da (“as far as”); and the suffixes, old case-forms, -dam, -dem, -dum, -do with the locative -de.

Pronunciation

Preposition

dē (used with an ablative)

  1. of, concerning, about
    De rebus mathematicis.
    Concerning mathematical things.
    • 1772-1778 Historia Ecclesiastica Islandiæ by Finnur Jónsson, chapter one (Google books)
      De introductione religionis Christianæ in Islandiam.
      Of the introduction of Christianity to Iceland.
  2. from, away from, down from, out of (in general to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, etc., and their compounds).
    Emere de aliquo.
    To buy from someone.
    Aliquid mercari de aliquo.
    Someone trades from someone.
    De aliquo quaerere, quid, etc., C
    To search for someone. (?)
    Saepe hoc audivi de patre.
    De mausoleo exaudita vox est.
    Ut sibi liceret discere id de me.
    (so with petere, of place) De vicino terra petita solo.
    (so of persons (late Latin)) Peto de te.
    Animam de corpore mitto.
    Aliquo quom jam sucus de corpore cessit.
    Civitati persuasit, ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent.
    Decedere de provincia.
    De vita decedere.
    Exire de vita. (compare excedere e vita)
    De' triclinio, de cubiculo exire.
    Hamum de cubiculo ut e navicula jacere.
    De castris procedere.
    Brassica de capite et de oculis omnia (mala) deducet.
    De digito anulum detraho.
    From the finger I pull the ring.
    De matris complexu aliquem avellere atque abstrahere.
    Nomen suum de tabula sustulit.
    Ferrum de manibus extorsimus.
    Juris utilitas vel a peritis vel de libris depromi potest.
    ...decido de lecto praeceps.
    De muro se deicere.
    De sella exsilire.
    Nec ex equo vel de muro etc., hostem destinare.
    De caelo aliquid demittere.
  3. to depart, withdraw from
    De altera parte agri Sequanos decedere juberet.
Usage notes
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Aragonese: de
  • Asturian: de
  • Aromanian: di
  • Catalan: de
  • Corsican: di
  • Dalmatian: de
  • Esperanto: de
  • French: de
  • Friulian: di
  • Galician: de
  • Ido: de
  • Interlingua: de
  • Italian: di
  • Occitan: de
  • Portuguese: de
  • Romanian: de
  • Romansch: da
  • Sicilian: di
  • Spanish: de

Lojban

Cmavo

de

  1. (pro-sumti) someone/something that exists #2
    ro da poi plini la solri ku'o de poi mluni zo'u da se mluni de
    For every planet x orbiting around the Sun, there exists a moon y such that x is orbited by y.
    ro da poi plini la solri cu se mluni de poi mluni [1]
    Every planet orbiting around the Sun has an orbiting moon.

Usage notes

Multiple occurrences of de in logically connected sentences refer to the same thing.

Related terms

See also

References

  1. ^ John Woldemar Cowan, The Lojban Reference Grammar, §16.5: Dropping the prenex.

Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon.

Pronunciation

Article

de (genitive der, dative den, accusative de, definite article)

  1. the

Usage notes

Article

de f. (genitive der, dative der, accusative de, definite article)

  1. the
    • De Fru gat hen. (The woman walks [lit. goes] there.)

Article

de m. (genitive des, dative dęme, accusative denne, definite article)

  1. the
    • De Mann gat hen. (The man walks [lit. goes] there.)

Usage notes

Pronoun

de m. (accusative den)

  1. (relative) which, that
    • De Mann, de dår güng. (The man, which walked there.)
    • De Mann, den wi hüert häbben. (The man, which we hired.)

Usage notes

Pronoun

de f. (accusative de)

  1. (relative) which, that
    • De Fru, de wi hüert hębben. (The woman, which we have hired.)

Usage notes

Luxembourgish

Pronoun

de

  1. unstressed form of du

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer mech
2nd person singular (informal) du de dech — dir der dech
2nd person singular (formal) Dir — Iech — Iech — Iech
3rd person singular (m) hien en en — him em sech
3rd person singular (f) si / hatt se / et si / hatt se / et hir / him — / em sech
3rd person singular (n) et 't et 't him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis / ons — eis / ons — eis / ons
2nd person plural dir der iech — iech — iech
3rd person plural si — si — hinnen – sech

Mandarin

Pronunciation

Romanization

de

  1. 的: a particle of subordination
  2. 地: -ly
  3. 得: a particle of resultative verb

Romanization

de

  1. Nonstandard spelling of dē.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of dé.

Usage notes

English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

Pronoun

de (accusative dem, genitive deres)

  1. they
  2. those

See also

Personal pronouns in Bokmål
Nominative Accusative Genitive/Possessive pronoun
Singular
First person jeg meg min m.
Second person du deg din m.
Third person m. han han/ham hans
Third person f. hun henne hennes
Third person n. det det dets
Third person, nonhuman m./f. den den dens
Plural
First person vi oss vår m.
Second person dere dere deres
Third person de dem deres

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse þér, ér and þit, it.

Pronoun

de (accusative dykk, genitive dykkar)

  1. you (second-person plural)

References

See also

Personal pronouns in Nynorsk
Nominative Objective case Genitive/Possessive pronoun
Singular
First person eg meg min m.
Second person du deg din m.
Third person m. han han, honom hans
Third person f. ho ho, henne hennar
Third person n. det, dat† det, dat† dess (rare, literary)
Plural
First person me, vi oss vår m.
Second person de dykk dykkar
Third person dei dei, deim† deira

Old French

Etymology

Latin dē

Preposition

de

  1. of
  2. from

Old Provençal

Etymology

Latin dē

Preposition

de

  1. of
  2. from

Portuguese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Portuguese de (“of”), from Latin dē (“of”).

Pronunciation

Preposition

de

  1. of
    • 2005, Lya Wyler (translator), J. K. Rowling (English author), Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe (Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince), Rocco, page 138:
      O protesto de Hermione foi abafado por uma risadinha alta.
      Hermione's objection was interrupted by a loud little laugh.
    Os amigos dele. - His friends. (lit. The friends of his)
    De que é feito? - What is this made of? (lit. Of what is made this?)
  2. 's, possession suffix
    A casa de alguém - Someone's house.
  3. from
    De onde você é? - Where are you from?
  4. by the means of, by
    Eu sempre vou trabalhar de ônibus. - I always go to work by bus.
  5. as, "dressed as"
    Na festa, ele estava de bruxo - At the party, he was dressed as a wizard.
    Homens de Preto - Men in Black
  6. -long, indicating time duration
    Um filme de duas horas. - A two hour-long movie.
  7. A compound word connector, often not translated into English
    Fone de ouvido - Headphone (lit. Phone "of" ear)
    Acampamento de verão - Summer camp

Usage notes

Used in the following contractions:

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin dē.

Preposition

de (+accusative)

  1. from
    Casa mea nu este departe de aici. - “My house is not far from here.”
  2. of
    o ceașcă de ceai - “a cup of tea”
    un profesor de matematică - “a professor of mathematics”
  3. by
    o carte scrisă de Marin Preda. - “a book written by Marin Preda“

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Preposition

de

  1. of, off

Derived terms

Combining

pronoun

 Prepositional

pronoun

 Prepositional

pronoun (emphatic)
mi dhiom dhiomsa
tu dhiot dhiotsa
e dheth dhethsan
i dhith dhithse
sinn dhinn dhinne
sibh dhibh dhibhse
iad dhiubh dhiubhsan

Spanish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

de f. (plural des)

  1. Name of the letter d.

Etymology 2

Spanish preposition “de” written as a ligature in capitals Hand-painted preposition “DE” in the wild

From Latin de.

Preposition

de

  1. of; ’s (but used after the thing owned and before the owner)
    Constitución española de 1812 — “Spanish constitution of 1812”
    la cola del perro — “the dog’s tail”
  2. from
    Soy de España — “I’m from Spain”
    Él murió de hambre — “He died from hunger”
  3. used to construct compound nouns (with attributive nouns)
    campamento de verano — “summer camp”
Usage notes

As illustrated in the example above, de combines with el to form del.

Derived terms

Sranan Tongo

Verb

de

  1. To be.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse þeir, from Proto-Germanic *þai (with noun ending -r).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with IPA or SAMPA then please add some! Particularly: “As far as I can understand, the given are only one, informal/regional, possibility. At least two others exist, one formal, and one other informal/colloquial which IMO are much more common than this one. Also I really don't know about Finland/Sweden differences.... The present audio is the colloquial one - corresponding *very* roughly to /dɔm/”

Pronoun

de (third-person plural nominative, dative and accusative dem, genitive deras, reflexive sig)

  1. they

Declension

Swedish personal pronouns
subject object possessive
singular full full common neuter plural
1st person jag mig min mitt mina
2nd person du dig din ditt dina
3rd person masculine han honom hans
3rd person feminine hon henne hennes
3rd person common den den dess
3rd person neuter det det dess
3rd person indefinite man en ens
3rd person reflexive — sig sin sitt sina
plural
1st person vi oss vår vårt våra
2nd person ni er er ert era
3rd person de dem deras
3rd person reflexive — sig sin sitt sina

Article

de

  1. the, a definite article used in the beginning of noun phrases containing attributive adjectives and nouns in the plural. This article is used together with the definite suffix of the noun to indicate the definiteness of the noun phrase.
    de gröna bilarna
    the green cars

Usage notes

The same type of noun phrases with singular nouns instead use den (common gender) or det (neuter) for this function. Some definite noun phrase with attributive adjectives may skip these preceding articles. This is the case especially for many lexicalized noun phrases and also for many noun phrases working as proper names of organisations, geographical places, TV shows, events and similar.

Brittiska öarna
The British Isles

While the personal pronoun de has an object form and a genitive form, the definite article de is unaffected by the syntactic role of the noun phrase.

Tarantino

Preposition

de

  1. of

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English day.

Noun

de

  1. day

Related terms

See also

Turkish

Adverb

de

  1. as well, too, also
Özer de sorunun cevabını biliyor - Özer also knows the answer of the question
Berker de bizimle geliyor - Berker is coming with us as well
Zafer de dondurma yemeyi sever - Zafer likes eating ice cream, too.

Usage notes

Synonyms

Noun

de

  1. The name of the Latin script letter D/d.

See also

Verb

de

  1. (imperative) say

Volapük

Preposition

de

  1. of, from

West Frisian

Article

de c.

  1. the (definite article preceding nouns of common gender and all plurals)

See also

 

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